Tuesday 1/29 Week 3

Chapter 3

Student Notes

 

Objectives

Collect Project 1

Distribute Project 2

Discuss grading of projects

Basic program structure

Working with numbers

Variables

Return reading quizzes

 

 

1.  Basic Program Structure

·        Ex. Hello_Initials

·        This is the first program that we have used

·        Also note the interaction with the user using

·         

·        Variables are

·         

·         

·        Ex. Hello_Name uses a String type (a collection of Characters)

 

2. Reserved Words & Predefined Identifiers

·        Reserved words have a specific meaning in Ada

·         

·         

·        WITH PROCEDURE IS BEGIN END

·        Predefined Identifiers have special meanings, but these words may be reused by the programmer for other things

·         

·         

·        Ada.Text_IO Put New_Line Character Get String

·        In the book all RESERVED WORDS are in caps, this is a good habit, everything else is in Upper and Lower Case

 

3. The context clause

·        The WITH packageName at the top of your program

·         

 

 

 

 

4. The basic structure of an Ada program

     WITH package1;

     WITH package2;

    

     WITH packageN;

     PROCEDURE pname IS

     --------------------

     -- header comments, should contain file name, brief

     -- description of the program

     -- Author name and date

     --------------------

     declarations (variable, constants, etc.)

 

     BEGIN –-procedure/function name

 

       program statement;

      

       program statement;

 

     END pname;

 

·        Notice indent structure –

·        The comments are also not required by the compiler, but must be used in this class.

 

 

5. Using Numbers

·        Ex. Inch_to_CM

·        In most cases, Ada will not let you mix

·         

·        Ada.Integer_Text_IO, Ada.Float_Text_IO, and Ada.Text_IO

·        Ada.Float_Text_IO.Get(Item => Inches);

·         

·        Centimeters := CMPerInch * Inches;

·         

·        Ada.Float_Text_IO.Put(Item => Centimeters);

·         

·        Notice that the value in printed in Scientific notation

·         

·         

·        Ex. Distance

·        Natural is a type for

·         

·        Ada.Text_IO is used to

·         

·        Ada.Text_IO.New_Line

 

 

6. Constants and Variables

·        CMPerInch: CONSTANT Float := 3.54;

·        This is a constant declaration.

·         

·         

·         

·        HowLong : Natural;

·        This is a variable declaration.

 

 

 

 

7. Naming variables and constants

·        IdentifierName : Type;

·        An identifier must begin with a letter

·         

·        An identifier must consist only of letters, digits, and up to one underscore ( _ ).

·        Cannot use more than one underscore in an identifier.

·         

·        Note that file names are not identifiers and therefore may use more than one underscore.

·        Ada reserved words may not be used as identifiers.